I am totally interested in learning languages, though I am also -at some extents- lazy body. If I want to study a language, I look for some dictionaries and even try to compare the languages into a chart or tables. Afterwards I leave it for a while..hahahaha..that’s so ugly thing. Okay, I just wanna tell a little about it as for me learning is started from the baby born until we go to adios park. Well, I just want to share about comparing between 4 Austronesian languages. Those are relatively related each other and share several lexical similarities though among us (Indos and Pinoys) have been historically and politically seperated. however there were good relationships between us ….as Nusantara nations.
Today I’d like to share the following languages. Two of them from Indonesia and two others from The Philippines. I never go to The Philippines, but sometimes I watch their movies and TV news from internet. Tagalog and Waray-Waray (Winaray). About Tagalog, I think it’s been a very nationally widespread and every Pinoys/Pinays knows it well. While about Waray, I encountered this language when I watch TV Patrol Tacloban. It sounds strange and quite different to Tagalog, but several (or many) words are sometimes much closer to our languages. While the rests, are surely my languages. Bahasa Indonesia which derives from High Malay (along with Malaysian) is unifying language since 1928 (formerly named Melayu), and spoken by almost every Indonesians..this is why most Indonesians (and others) are naturally bilingual. While another language is Javanese or called Basa Jawa. This is my real mother tongue and spoken by around more than 40% Indonesians (around 82 millions or more), originally spoken in Central Java, Jogjakarta, northern parts of West Java and coastal Banten as well as spoken natively by 78% of East Javanese, it is also spoken by Javanese diaspora in all parts of Indonesia…errmm..not just in Indonesia! It is also widely spoken in Suriname, Malaysia, The Netherland, New Caledonia and others. It is a very complicated language with its own nature. There are several level of speechs which have got its own vocabularies and depends on social status.
Javanese can be also recognized by its peculiar accent on ‘b’, ‘d’, ‘g’, and ‘j’.
So that’s why, Javanese is hierarchist language, but for this comparison, I only give its lower level which is spoken among friends or the same level.
Okay, if there are mistakes especially for Tagalog and Waray, please feel free to correct it. I am still learning, and let’s learn our Nusantaran languages together. From the basic one.
Asking Questions
| English | Indonesian | Javanese | Tagalog | Waray |
| What | Apa | Apa | Ano | Nano |
| Who | Siapa | Sapa | Sino | Hin-o |
| Where | Mana | Endhi | Saan | Hain |
| Why | Kenapa | Ngapa | Bakit | Kay-ano |
| How | Bagaimana | Piye | Paano | Guin-aano |
| How much | Berapa | Pira | Magkano | Tagpira |
| When | Kapan | Kapan | Kaylan | Kan-o |
| This | Ini | Iki | Ito | Ini |
| That | Itu | Iku, kae | Iyan | Adto |
Pronouns
| English | Indonesian | Javanese | Tagalog | Waray |
| I | Aku, saya | Aku, kula | Ako | Ako |
| You | Engkau, kau | Kowe | Ikaw/ka | Ikaw/ka |
| You (formal) | Anda | Panjenengan | Mo | Mo |
| He/she | Dia | Dheweke | Siya | Hiya |
| We (exc) | Kami | Kita | Kami | Kami |
| We (incl) | Kita | Kita | Tayo | Kita |
| They | Mereka | Padha | Sila | Hira |
| You (plural) | Kalian | Sampeyan | Kamo | Kamo |
Animals
| English | Indonesian | Javanese | Tagalog | Waray |
| Chicken | Ayam | Pithik | Manok | Manok |
| Dog | Anjing | Asu | Aso | Ayam |
| Pig | Babi | Babi | Baboy | Baktin |
| Piglet | Anak babi | Genjik | Biik | Pasi |
| Fish | Ikan | Iwak | Isda | Isda |
| Puppy | Anak anjing | Kirik | Tuta | Ido |
| Cat | Kucing | Kucing | Pusa | Misay |
| Crocodile | Buaya | Baya | Buaya | Buaya |
| Snake | Ular | Ula | Ahas | Halas |
| Butterfly | Kupu-kupu | Kupu | Paru-paro | Alibangbang |
| Frog | Katak, kodok | Kodok | Palaka | Katsapa |
| Flea | Kutu | Tuma | Kuto | Kuto |
| Leech | Lintah | Pacet | Linta | Linta |
| Eel | Belut | Welut | Igat | Kasili |
| Cuckatoo | Kakatua | Kakaktua | Loro | Pikoy |
| Lizard | Kadal | Kadal | Butiki | Pinit |
| Hen | Ayam betina | Babon | Inahin | Umagak |
| Bird | Burung | Manuk | Ibon | Tamsi |
| Cow | Sapi, lembu | Sapi | Baka | Baka |
| Water buffalo | Kerbau | Kebo | Kalabaw | Kabaw |
| Horse | Kuda | Jaran | Kabayo | Kabayo |
| Milipede | Kaki seribu | Luwing | Alupihan | Bayud |
| Flea’s egg | Telur kutu | Lingsa | Lisa | Lusa |
| Elephant | Gajah | Gajah | Elepante | Elepante |
| Monkey | Monyet | Kethek | Unggoy | Olot |
| Mosquito | Nyamuk | Lamuk | Lamok | Namok |
| Fly | Lalat, langau | Laler | Langaw | Langaw |
| Squid | Cumi-cumi | Iwak Nus | Pusit | Nuos |
| Shark | Ikan hiu | Iwak hiu | Patin | Pating |
| Gecko | Tokek | Tekek | Tuko | Tuko |
| Chick | Anak ayam | Kuthuk | Sisiw | Siwo |
Body Parts
| English | Indonesian | Javanese | Tagalog | Waray |
| Eyes | Mata | Mata | Mata | Mata |
| Neck | Leher | Gulu | Leeg | Leog |
| Hand | Tangan | Tangan | Kamay | Kamot |
| Mouth | Mulut | Lambe | Bibig | Hiwa |
| Back | Punggung | Geger | Likod | Gutok |
| Calf | Betis | Kenthol | Binti | Bitiis |
| Hair | Rambut | Rambut | Buhok | Buhok |
| Face | Wajah, muka | Rai | Mukha | Kahimo |
| Nose | Hidung | Irung | Ilong | Irong |
| Palm | Telapak | Tapak | Palad | Palad |
| Arch | Telapak kaki | Tapak sikil | Talampakan | Rapadapa |
| Tigh | Paha | Pupu | Hita | Paa |
| Elbow | Siku | Sikut | Siko | Siko |
| Ears | Telinga | Kuping | Tainga | Talinga |
| Teeth | Gigi | Untu | Ngipin | Tango |
| Knee | Lutut | Dengkul | Tuhod | Tuhod |
| Head | Kepala | Sirah | Ulo | Ulo |
| Chest | Dada | Dada | Dibdib | Dughan |
| Hip | Pinggul | Bangkekan | Baywang | Kupsan |
| Tongue | Lidah | Ilat | Dila | Dila |
| Blood | Darah | Getih | Dugo | Dugo |
| Eyelashes | Bulu mata | Idep | Pilik mata | Piruk |
| Eyebrow | Alis | Alis | Kilay | Kiray |
| Skin | Kulit | Kulit | Balat | Panit |
| Foot | Kaki | Sikil | Paa | Siki |
| Breast | Payudara | Susu | Suso | Susu |
| Bone | Tulang | Balung | Buto | Tul-an |
| Armpit | Ketiak | Kelek | Kilikili | Irok |
Numbers
Next…..later on! Enjoy this humbly simple comparison….Sampai jumpa…Paalam na!
| English | Indonesian | Javanese | Tagalog | Waray |
| One | Satu | Siji | Isa | Usa |
| Two | Dua | Loro | Dalawa | Duha |
| Three | Tiga | Telu | Tatlo | Tulo |
| Four | Empat | Papat | Apat | Upat |
| Five | Lima | Lima | Lima | Lima |
| Six | Enam | Nem | Anim | Unom |
| Seven | Tujuh | Pitu | Pito | Pito |
| Eight | Delapan | Wolu | Walo | Walo |
| Nine | Sembilan | Sanga | Siyam | Siyam |
| Ten | Sepuluh | Sepuluh | Sampu | Napulo |
